The main objective of this study was to enhance the biological performance of resorbable polymeric scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Specifically, we focused on both microstructure and surface modification of the scaffolds to augment adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). Moreover, a new cell seeding method assuring 90% seeding efficiency on the scaffolds was developed. Poly(l‑lactide‑co‑glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds with monomodal and bimodal pore distribution were produced by solvent casting/phase separation followed by porogen leaching and modified with artificial extracellular matrices (aECM) consisting of collagen type I and high sulphated hyaluronan (sHya). The application of two porogens resulted in bimodal pore distribution within the PLGA scaffolds as shown by scanning electron microscopy and microcomputer tomography. Two types of pores with diameters 400–600 μm and 2–20 μm were obtained. The scaffolds were successfully coated with a homogenous layer of aECM as shown by Sirius red and toluidine blue staining. In vitro study showed that presence of bimodal pore distribution in combination with collagen/sHya did not significantly influence hMSC proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation compared to scaffolds with monomodal pore distribution. However, it enhanced mineralization as well as the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2, osteopontin and bone sialoprotein II. As a result PLGA scaffolds with bimodal pore distribution modified with collagen/sHya can be considered as prospective material promoting bone regeneration.

这项研究的主要目的是增强用于骨组织工程的可吸收聚合物支架的生物学性能。具体而言，我们专注于支架的微观结构和表面修饰，以增强人间充质干细胞（hMSC）的粘附，增殖和成骨分化。此外，开发了一种新的细胞接种方法，以确保在支架上接种效率达到90％。保利（升-lactide-合作具有单峰和双峰孔分布的乙交酯（PLGA）支架是通过溶剂浇铸/相分离，然后进行致孔剂浸出，并用由I型胶原和高硫酸化透明质酸（sHya）组成的人工细胞外基质（aECM）改性制成的。如扫描电子显微镜和微型计算机断层扫描所示，两种致孔剂的应用导致PLGA支架内出现双峰孔分布。获得了两种类型的直径为400–600μm和2–20μm的孔。如小天狼星红和甲苯胺蓝染色所示，支架成功地被均匀覆盖的aECM层覆盖。体外研究表明，与具有单峰孔分布的支架相比，双峰孔分布与胶原蛋白/ sHya结合使用不会显着影响hMSC的增殖和早期成骨分化。但是，它增强了矿化作用以及Runt相关转录因子2，骨桥蛋白和骨唾液蛋白II的表达。结果，具有胶原/ sHya修饰的双峰孔分布的PLGA支架可以被认为是促进骨再生的预期材料。