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Sources, Composition, and Export of Particulate Organic Matter Across British Estuaries
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2023-04-06 , DOI: 10.1029/2023jg007420
E. Elena García‐Martín 1 , Richard Sanders 1, 2 , Chris D. Evans 3 , Vassilis Kitidis 4 , Dan J. Lapworth 5 , Bryan Spears 6 , Andy Tye 7 , Jennifer L. Williamson 3 , Chris Balfour 8 , Mike Best 9 , Michael Bowes 7 , Sarah Breimann 1, 4, 10 , Ian J. Brown 4 , Annette Burden 3 , Nathan Callaghan 3 , Nancy B. Dise 6 , Gareth Farr 11 , Stacey L. Felgate 1, 12 , James Fishwick 4 , Mike Fraser 9 , Stuart Gibb 13 , Pete J. Gilbert 13 , Nina Godsell 9 , Africa P. Gomez‐Castillo 10 , Geoff Hargreaves 8 , Carolyn Harris 4 , Oban Jones 4 , Paul Kennedy 9 , Anna Lichtschlag 1 , Adrian P. Martin 1 , Rebecca May 4 , Edward Mawji 1 , Ian Mounteney 7 , Philip D. Nightingale 4, 14, 15 , Justyna P. Olszewska 6 , Stuart C. Painter 1 , Christopher R. Pearce 1 , M. Glória Pereira 16 , Kate Peel 1 , Amy Pickard 6 , John A. Stephens 4 , Mark Stinchcombe 1 , Barry Thornton 17 , E. Malcolm S. Woodward 4 , Deborah Yarrow 1 , Daniel J. Mayor 1, 18
Affiliation  

Estuaries receive and process a large amount of particulate organic carbon (POC) prior to its export into coastal waters. Studying the origin of this POC is key to understanding the fate of POC and the role of estuaries in the global carbon cycle. Here, we evaluated the concentrations of POC, as well as particulate organic nitrogen (PON), and used stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes to assess their sources across 13 contrasting British estuaries during five different sampling campaigns over 1 year. We found a high variability in POC and PON concentrations across the salinity gradient, reflecting inputs, and losses of organic material within the estuaries. Catchment land cover appeared to influence the contribution of POC to the total organic carbon flux from the estuary to coastal waters, with POC contributions >36% in estuaries draining catchments with a high percentage of urban/suburban land, and <11% in estuaries draining catchments with a high peatland cover. There was no seasonal pattern in the isotopic composition of POC and PON, suggesting similar sources for each estuary over time. Carbon isotopic ratios were depleted (−26.7 ± 0.42‰, average ± sd) at the lowest salinity waters, indicating mainly terrigenous POC (TPOC). Applying a two-source mixing model, we observed high variability in the contribution of TPOC at the highest salinity waters between estuaries, with a median value of 57%. Our results indicate a large transport of terrigenous organic carbon into coastal waters, where it may be buried, remineralized, or transported offshore.

中文翻译:

英国河口颗粒有机物的来源、成分和输出

在出口到沿海水域之前,河口会接收并处理大量的颗粒有机碳 (POC)。研究这种 POC 的起源是了解 POC 命运和河口在全球碳循环中的作用的关键。在这里,我们评估了 POC 以及颗粒有机氮 (PON) 的浓度,并使用稳定的碳和氮同位素在 1 年的五次不同采样活动中评估了它们在 13 个对比鲜明的英国河口的来源。我们发现 POC 和 PON 浓度在整个盐度梯度中存在高度可变性,反映了河口内有机物质的输入和损失。流域土地覆盖似乎影响 POC 对从河口到沿海水域的总有机碳通量的贡献,其中 POC 贡献 > 36% 位于河口排水流域,城市/郊区土地比例较高,<11% 位于河口排水流域,泥炭地覆盖率较高。POC 和 PON 的同位素组成没有季节性模式,表明随着时间的推移每个河口的来源相似。在最低盐度水域,碳同位素比率被耗尽(-26.7 ± 0.42‰,平均值 ± sd),表明主要是陆源 POC (TPOC)。应用双源混合模型,我们观察到河口之间最高盐度水域中 TPOC 贡献的高度可变性,中值为 57%。我们的结果表明陆源有机碳大量输送到沿海水域,在那里可能被掩埋、再矿化或输送到近海。11% 位于泥炭地覆盖率高的河口排水集水区。POC 和 PON 的同位素组成没有季节性模式,表明随着时间的推移每个河口的来源相似。在最低盐度水域,碳同位素比率被耗尽(-26.7 ± 0.42‰,平均值 ± sd),表明主要是陆源 POC (TPOC)。应用双源混合模型,我们观察到河口之间最高盐度水域中 TPOC 贡献的高度可变性,中值为 57%。我们的结果表明陆源有机碳大量输送到沿海水域,在那里可能被掩埋、再矿化或输送到近海。11% 位于泥炭地覆盖率高的河口排水集水区。POC 和 PON 的同位素组成没有季节性模式,表明随着时间的推移每个河口的来源相似。在最低盐度水域,碳同位素比率被耗尽(-26.7 ± 0.42‰,平均值 ± sd),表明主要是陆源 POC (TPOC)。应用双源混合模型,我们观察到河口之间最高盐度水域中 TPOC 贡献的高度可变性,中值为 57%。我们的结果表明陆源有机碳大量输送到沿海水域,在那里可能被掩埋、再矿化或输送到近海。最低盐度水域的平均值±标准差,表明主要是陆源 POC (TPOC)。应用双源混合模型,我们观察到河口之间最高盐度水域中 TPOC 贡献的高度可变性,中值为 57%。我们的结果表明陆源有机碳大量输送到沿海水域,在那里可能被掩埋、再矿化或输送到近海。最低盐度水域的平均值±标准差,表明主要是陆源 POC (TPOC)。应用双源混合模型,我们观察到河口之间最高盐度水域中 TPOC 贡献的高度可变性,中值为 57%。我们的结果表明陆源有机碳大量输送到沿海水域,在那里可能被掩埋、再矿化或输送到近海。
更新日期:2023-04-06
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