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Time Moves Faster When There is Nothing You Anticipate: The Role of Time in MEV Rewards
arXiv - CS - Computer Science and Game Theory Pub Date : 2023-07-11 , DOI: arxiv-2307.05814
Burak Öz, Benjamin Kraner, Nicolò Vallarano, Bingle Stegmann Kruger, Florian Matthes, Claudio Juan Tessone

This study explores the intricacies of waiting games, a novel dynamic that emerged with Ethereum's transition to a Proof-of-Stake (PoS)-based block proposer selection protocol. Within this PoS framework, validators acquire a distinct monopoly position during their assigned slots, given that block proposal rights are set deterministically, contrasting with Proof-of-Work (PoW) protocols. Consequently, validators have the power to delay block proposals, stepping outside the honest validator specs, optimizing potential returns through MEV payments. Nonetheless, this strategic behaviour introduces the risk of orphaning if attestors fail to observe and vote on the block timely. Our quantitative analysis of this waiting phenomenon and its associated risks reveals an opportunity for enhanced MEV extraction, exceeding standard protocol rewards, and providing sufficient incentives for validators to play the game. Notably, our findings indicate that delayed proposals do not always result in orphaning and orphaned blocks are not consistently proposed later than non-orphaned ones. To further examine consensus stability under varying network conditions, we adopt an agent-based simulation model tailored for PoS-Ethereum, illustrating that consensus disruption will not be observed unless significant delay strategies are adopted. Ultimately, this research offers valuable insights into the advent of waiting games on Ethereum, providing a comprehensive understanding of trade-offs and potential profits for validators within the blockchain ecosystem.

中文翻译:

当你没有预料到的时候,时间会过得更快:时间在 MEV 奖励中的作用

这项研究探讨了等待游戏的复杂性,这是随着以太坊向基于权益证明(PoS)的区块提议者选择协议的过渡而出现的一种新颖的动态。在此 PoS 框架内,鉴于区块提案权是确定性设置的,验证者在其分配的时段内获得了明显的垄断地位,这与工作量证明 (PoW) 协议形成鲜明对比。因此,验证者有权推迟区块提案,超越诚实的验证者规范,通过 MEV 支付优化潜在回报。尽管如此,如果证明者未能及时观察区块并对其进行投票,这种策略行为就会带来孤儿风险。我们对这种等待现象及其相关风险的定量分析揭示了增强 MEV 提取、超出标准协议奖励的机会,并为验证者玩游戏提供足够的激励。值得注意的是,我们的研究结果表明,延迟提案并不总是会导致孤立块,并且孤立块的提出并不总是晚于非孤立块。为了进一步检验不同网络条件下的共识稳定性,我们采用了为 PoS-Ethereum 量身定制的基于代理的模拟模型,说明除非采用显着的延迟策略,否则不会观察到共识中断。最终,这项研究为以太坊上等待游戏的出现提供了宝贵的见解,为区块链生态系统中的验证者提供了对权衡和潜在利润的全面了解。我们的研究结果表明,延迟的提案并不总是会导致孤立块,并且孤立块的提出并不总是晚于非孤立块。为了进一步检验不同网络条件下的共识稳定性,我们采用了为 PoS-Ethereum 量身定制的基于代理的模拟模型,说明除非采用显着的延迟策略,否则不会观察到共识中断。最终,这项研究为以太坊上等待游戏的出现提供了宝贵的见解,为区块链生态系统中的验证者提供了对权衡和潜在利润的全面了解。我们的研究结果表明,延迟的提案并不总是会导致孤立块,并且孤立块的提出并不总是晚于非孤立块。为了进一步检验不同网络条件下的共识稳定性,我们采用了为 PoS-Ethereum 量身定制的基于代理的模拟模型,说明除非采用显着的延迟策略,否则不会观察到共识中断。最终,这项研究为以太坊上等待游戏的出现提供了宝贵的见解,为区块链生态系统中的验证者提供了对权衡和潜在利润的全面了解。说明除非采取显着的延迟策略,否则不会出现共识中断的情况。最终,这项研究为以太坊上等待游戏的出现提供了宝贵的见解,为区块链生态系统中的验证者提供了对权衡和潜在利润的全面了解。说明除非采取显着的延迟策略,否则不会出现共识中断的情况。最终,这项研究为以太坊上等待游戏的出现提供了宝贵的见解,为区块链生态系统中的验证者提供了对权衡和潜在利润的全面了解。
更新日期:2023-07-13
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