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CD81 represses NF-?B in HCV-expressing hepatoma cells
bioRxiv - Microbiology Pub Date : 2023-09-14 , DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.13.557511
Maximilian Bunz , Mona Eisele , Dan Hu , Michael Ritter , Julia Kammerloher , Sandra Lampl , Michael Schindler

The tetraspanin CD81 is one of the main entry receptors for Hepatitis C virus, which is a major causative agent to develop liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we identify CD81 as one of few surface proteins that are downregulated in HCV expressing hepatoma cells, discovering a functional role of CD81 beyond mediating HCV entry. CD81 was downregulated at the mRNA level in hepatoma cells that replicate HCV. Kinetics of HCV protein expression were increased in CD81-knockout cells and accompanied by enhanced cellular growth. Furthermore, loss of CD81 compensated for inhibition of pro-survival TBK1-signaling in HCV expressing cells. Analysis of functional phenotypes that could be associated with pro-survival signaling revealed that CD81 is a negative regulator of NF-κB. Interaction of the NF-κB subunits p50 and p65 was increased in cells lacking CD81. Similarly, we witnessed an overall increase in the total levels of phosphorylated and cellular p65 upon CD81-knockout. Finally, translocation of p65 in CD81-negative hepatoma cells was markedly induced upon stimulation with TNFα or PMA. Altogether, CD81 emerges as aregulator of pro-survival NF-κB signaling. Considering the important and established role of NF-κB for HCV replication and tumorigenesis, the downregulation of CD81 by HCV and the associated increase in NF-κB signaling might serve as viral mechanism to maintain persistent infection, ultimately causing chronic inflammation and HCC.

中文翻译:

CD81 抑制 HCV 表达肝癌细胞中的 NF-κB

四跨膜蛋白 CD81 是丙型肝炎病毒的主要进入受体之一,丙型肝炎病毒是发展为肝硬化和肝细胞癌 (HCC) 的主要病原体。在这里,我们将 CD81 鉴定为少数在表达 HCV 的肝癌细胞中下调的表面蛋白之一,发现 CD81 除了介导 HCV 进入之外还有其他功能作用。在复制 HCV 的肝癌细胞中,CD81 在 mRNA 水平上下调。CD81 敲除细胞中 HCV 蛋白表达的动力学增加,并伴随着细胞生长的增强。此外,CD81 的缺失补偿了 HCV 表达细胞中促生存 TBK1 信号传导的抑制。对可能与促生存信号传导相关的功能表型的分析表明,CD81 是 NF-κB 的负调节因子。在缺乏 CD81 的细胞中,NF-κB 亚基 p50 和 p65 的相互作用增加。同样,我们观察到 CD81 敲除后磷酸化和细胞 p65 的总水平总体增加。最后,在 TNFα 或 PMA 刺激下,CD81 阴性肝癌细胞中 p65 的易位被显着诱导。总而言之,CD81 作为促生存 NF-κB 信号传导的调节剂出现。考虑到 NF-κB 在 HCV 复制和肿瘤发生中的重要和既定作用,HCV 对 CD81 的下调以及相关的 NF-κB 信号传导增加可能作为维持持续感染的病毒机制,最终导致慢性炎症和 HCC。CD81阴性肝癌细胞中p65的易位在TNFα或PMA刺激后显着诱导。总而言之,CD81 作为促生存 NF-κB 信号传导的调节剂出现。考虑到 NF-κB 在 HCV 复制和肿瘤发生中的重要和既定作用,HCV 对 CD81 的下调以及相关的 NF-κB 信号传导增加可能作为维持持续感染的病毒机制,最终导致慢性炎症和 HCC。CD81阴性肝癌细胞中p65的易位在TNFα或PMA刺激后显着诱导。总而言之,CD81 作为促生存 NF-κB 信号传导的调节剂出现。考虑到 NF-κB 在 HCV 复制和肿瘤发生中的重要和既定作用,HCV 对 CD81 的下调以及相关的 NF-κB 信号传导增加可能作为维持持续感染的病毒机制,最终导致慢性炎症和 HCC。
更新日期:2023-09-14
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