Iron-based materials with significant physicochemical properties, including high theoretical capacity, low cost and mechanical and thermal stability, have attracted research attention as electrode materials for alkali metal-ion batteries (AMIBs). However, practical implementation of some iron-based materials is impeded by their poor conductivity, large volume change, and irreversible phase transition during electrochemical reactions. In this review we critically assess advances in the chemical synthesis and structural design, together with modification strategies, of iron-based compounds for AMIBs, to obviate these issues. We assess and categorize structural and compositional regulation and its effects on the working mechanisms and electrochemical performances of AMIBs. We establish insight into their applications and determine practical challenges in their development. We provide perspectives on future directions and likely outcomes. We conclude that for boosted electrochemical performance there is a need for better design of structures and compositions to increase ionic/electronic conductivity and the contact area between active materials and electrolytes and to obviate the large volume change and low conductivity. Findings will be of interest and benefit to researchers and manufacturers for sustainable development of advanced rechargeable ion batteries using iron-based electrode materials.

中文翻译：

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碱金属离子电池铁基电极材料的进展与展望：批判性综述

铁基材料具有高理论容量、低成本、机械和热稳定性等显着的物理化学性质，作为碱金属离子电池（AMIB）的电极材料引起了研究关注。然而，一些铁基材料的导电性差、体积变化大、电化学反应过程中不可逆相变等问题阻碍了其实际应用。在这篇综述中，我们批判性地评估了 AMIB 铁基化合物的化学合成和结构设计方面的进展以及修饰策略，以避免这些问题。我们对 AMIB 的结构和成分调节及其对工作机制和电化学性能的影响进行评估和分类。我们深入了解其应用并确定其开发中的实际挑战。我们提供对未来方向和可能结果的看法。我们的结论是，为了提高电化学性能，需要更好的结构和成分设计，以增加离子/电子电导率以及活性材料和电解质之间的接触面积，并避免大的体积变化和低电导率。研究结果将对研究人员和制造商感兴趣并有益于使用铁基电极材料的先进可充电离子电池的可持续发展。