Hybrid small-molecule/protein fluorescent probes are powerful tools for visualizing protein localization and function in living cells. These hybrid probes are constructed by diverse site-specific chemical protein labeling approaches through chemical reactions to exogenous peptide/small protein tags, enzymatic post-translational modifications, bioorthogonal reactions for genetically incorporated unnatural amino acids, and ligand-directed chemical reactions. The hybrid small-molecule/protein fluorescent probes are employed for imaging protein trafficking, conformational changes, and bioanalytes surrounding proteins. In addition, fluorescent hybrid probes facilitate visualization of protein dynamics at the single-molecule level and the defined structure with super-resolution imaging. In this review, we discuss development and the bioimaging applications of fluorescent probes based on small-molecule/protein hybrids.

中文翻译：

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混合小分子/蛋白质荧光探针


混合小分子/蛋白质荧光探针是可视化活细胞中蛋白质定位和功能的强大工具。这些杂交探针是通过多种位点特异性化学蛋白质标记方法构建的，通过与外源肽/小蛋白质标签的化学反应、酶促翻译后修饰、遗传掺入的非天然氨基酸的生物正交反应以及配体引导的化学反应。混合小分子/蛋白质荧光探针用于对蛋白质运输、构象变化和蛋白质周围的生物分析物进行成像。此外，荧光杂交探针有助于在单分子水平上可视化蛋白质动力学，并通过超分辨率成像确定结构。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了基于小分子/蛋白质杂合体的荧光探针的开发和生物成像应用。