ScopeActive ingredients in functional foods exhibit broad‐spectrum antiviral activity. The objective of this study is to investigate the protective effect of quercetin derived from bee propolis, a natural product with antiviral activity and modulating effects on the gut microbiota, against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection.Methods and resultsThrough a cellular‐based study, this study demonstrates that quercetin can modulate the activity of interferon‐regulating factor 3 (IRF3). In vivo, it shows that quercetin protects mice from VSV infection by enhancing interferon production and inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines. The study conducts 16S rRNA‐based gut microbiota and nontargets metabolomics analyses to elucidate the mechanisms underlying quercetin‐mediated bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and host metabolome during viral infection. Quercetin not only ameliorates VSV‐induced dysbiosis of the intestinal flora but also alters serum metabolites related to lipid metabolism. Cross‐correlations between the gut bacteriome and the serum metabolome indicate that quercetin can modulate phosphatidylcholine (16:0/0:0) and 5‐acetylamino‐6‐formylamino‐3‐methyluracil to prevent VSV infection.ConclusionThis study systematically elucidates the anti‐VSV mechanism of quercetin through gut bacteriome and host metabolome assays, offering new insights into VSV treatment and revealing the mechanisms behind a novel disease management strategy using dietary flavonoid supplements.

中文翻译：

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膳食类黄酮槲皮素补充剂通过重塑小鼠细菌组和宿主代谢组来促进针对水疱性口炎病毒感染的抗病毒先天反应


范围功能食品中的活性成分具有广谱抗病毒活性。本研究的目的是研究源自蜂胶的槲皮素（一种具有抗病毒活性和对肠道微生物群调节作用的天然产物）对水泡性口炎病毒（VSV）感染的保护作用。方法和结果通过基于细胞的研究，这项研究表明槲皮素可以调节干扰素调节因子 3 (IRF3) 的活性。在体内，它表明槲皮素通过增强干扰素的产生和抑制促炎细胞因子的产生来保护小鼠免受 VSV 感染。该研究进行了基于 16S rRNA 的肠道微生物群和非目标代谢组学分析，以阐明病毒感染期间槲皮素介导的肠道微生物组和宿主代谢组之间双向通讯的机制。槲皮素不仅可以改善 VSV 诱导的肠道菌群失调，还可以改变与脂质代谢相关的血清代谢物。肠道细菌组和血清代谢组之间的互相关表明槲皮素可以调节磷脂酰胆碱（16:0/0:0）和5-乙酰氨基-6-甲酰氨基-3-甲基尿嘧啶以预防VSV感染。结论本研究系统地阐明了抗VSV感染的作用。通过肠道细菌组和宿主代谢组检测了解槲皮素的 VSV 机制，为 VSV 治疗提供新见解，并揭示使用膳食类黄酮补充剂的新型疾病管理策略背后的机制。