Abstract
In recent years, a significant increase in the amount of research published about the application of eggshells for the removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions has been observed. The paper presents different aspects of metal adsorption from aqueous solutions on untreated eggshells. Pretreatment procedures and tested parameters for the adsorption differ significantly across all the reviewed data, providing a source of variance for the results. For untreated eggshells, the range of the reported BET surface area is from 0.07 m2/g to 8.941 m2/g. Correlation between particle size and BET surface area has been highlighted. Reported removal efficiencies for the untreated eggshell have been compared. Reported results show that eggshell is most employed for the removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. Eggshell capacity to remove metal ions from the main group elements has also been demonstrated. While results look promising, not enough data are present to make reliable conclusions about its efficiency with other (mainly transition) metal ions – which makes it a possible research direction. Based on the reported data, multiple removal pathways are involved. Several eggshell modification methods and possibilities of creating new adsorbents using eggshells only as a part of the raw material have been assessed. Finally reported eggshell modification methods have been assessed and it is clear that to compare different material’s effectiveness as an adsorbent, comparing only materials adsorption capacities is insufficient. Certain environmental water pollution removal studies using adsorption demand further study, such as metal ion specification in aqueous solution, in different processing water, and even in wastewater.
Funding source: RÄ«ga Technical University
Award Identifier / Grant number: Doctoral Grant programme
Funding source: ERAF
Award Identifier / Grant number: 1.1.1.5./18.I/008 (B3664.14400)
-
Research ethics: Not applicable.
-
Author contributions: PS: writing-original draft, data analysis, elaborated tables and figures. DK: writing – review & editing. AL: conceptualization, writing – review & editing. All co-authors have contributed to the significant way to the final format of the review. The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
-
Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.
-
Research funding: We thank Riga Technical University (PS) for Doctoral Grant program and ERAF 1.1.1.5./18.I/008 (B3664.14400; DK) for funding of this work.
-
Data availability: Not applicable.
References
Abatan, O.G., Alaba, P.A., Oni, B.A., Akpojevwe, K., Efeovbokhan, V., and Abnisa, F. (2020). Performance of eggshells powder as an adsorbent for adsorption of hexavalent chromium and cadmium from wastewater. SN Appl. Sci. 2: 1996, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03866-w.Search in Google Scholar
Abbas, A., Chen, L., Liao, Y., Wu, Z., Yu, Y., and Yang, J. (2021). Removal of bismuth ion from aqueous solution by pulverized eggshells. Desalin. Water Treat. 213: 395–405, https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2021.26724.Search in Google Scholar
Ahmad, M., Usman, A.R.A., Lee, S.S., Kim, S., Joo, J., Yang, J.E., and Ok, Y.S. (2012). Eggshell and coral wastes as low cost sorbents for the removal of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 18: 198–204, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2011.11.013.Search in Google Scholar
Ahmed, T.A.E., Wu, L., Younes, M., and Hincke, M. (2021). Biotechnological applications of eggshell: recent advances. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 9: 675364, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.675364.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Alamillo-López, V.M., Sánchez-Mendieta, V., Olea-Mejía, O.F., González-Pedroza, M.G., and Morales-Luckie, R.A. (2020). Efficient removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions using a bionanocomposite of eggshell/Ag-Fe. Catalysts 10: 727, https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10070727.Search in Google Scholar
Alomari, A.A. (2020). Effect of modified eggshell on adsorption capacity of chromium(VI) from aqueous solution. Asian J. Chem. 32: 1549–1556, https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22651.Search in Google Scholar
Al Omari, M.M.H., Rashid, I.S., Qinna, N.A., Jaber, A.M., and Badwan, A.A. (2016). Calcium carbonate. In: Brittain, H. (Ed.). Profiles of drug substances, excipients and related methodology, 41. Elsevier, London, pp. 31–132.10.1016/bs.podrm.2015.11.003Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Altameemi, I.A. and Thuraya, M.A. (2021). Removal of manganese (Mn2+) from aqueous solution by low-cost adsorbents and study the adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 1773: 012038, https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1773/1/012038.Search in Google Scholar
Anantha, R.K. and Kota, S. (2016). An evaluation of the major factors influencing the removal of copper ions using the egg shell (Dromaius novaehollandiae): chitosan (Agaricus bisporus) composite. 3 Biotech 6: 83, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-016-0381-2.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Annane, K., Lemlikchi, W., and Tingry, S. (2023). Efficiency of eggshell as a low-cost adsorbent for removal of cadmium: kinetic and isotherm studies. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13: 6163–6174.10.1007/s13399-021-01619-2Search in Google Scholar
Awogbemi, O., Inambao, F., and Onuh, E.I. (2020). Modification and characterization of chicken eggshell for possible catalytic applications. Heliyon 6: e05283, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05283.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Ayodele, O., Olusegun, S.J., Oluwasina, O.O., Okoronkwo, E.A., Olanipekun, E.O., Mohallem, N.D.S., Guimarães, W.G., Gomes, B.L.F.M., Souza, G.O., and Duarte, H.A. (2021). Experimental and theoretical studies of the adsorption of Cu and Ni ions from wastewater by hydroxyapatite derived from eggshells. Environ. Nanotechnology, Monit. Manag. 15: 100439, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2021.100439.Search in Google Scholar
Badillo-Camacho, J., Orozco-Guareño, E., Carbajal-Arizaga, G.G., Manríquez-Gonzalez, R., Barcelo-Quintal, I.D., and Gomez-Salazar, S. (2020). Cr(VI) adsorption from aqueous streams on eggshell membranes of different birds used as biosorbents. Adsorpt. Sci. Technol. 38: 413–434, https://doi.org/10.1177/0263617420956893.Search in Google Scholar
Baláž, M. (2014). Eggshell membrane biomaterial as a platform for applications in materials science. Acta Biomater. 10: 3827–3843, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2014.03.020.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Baláž, M. (2018). Ball milling of eggshell waste as a green and sustainable approach: a review. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 256: 256–275, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2018.04.001.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Baláž, M., Boldyreva, E.V., Rybin, D., Pavlović, S., Rodríguez-Padrón, D., Mudrinić, T., and Luque, R. (2021). State-of-the-art of eggshell waste in materials science: recent advances in catalysis, pharmaceutical applications, and mechanochemistry. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 8: 612567, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.612567.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Baláž, M., Bujňáková, Z., Baláž, P., Zorkovská, A., Danková, Z., and Briančin, J. (2015a). Adsorption of cadmium(II) on waste biomaterial. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 454: 121–133, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2015.03.046.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Baláž, M., Ficeriová, J., and Briančin, J. (2016). Influence of milling on the adsorption ability of eggshell waste. Chemosphere 146: 458–471, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.002.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Baláž, M., Zorkovská, A., Fabián, M., Girman, V., and Briančin, J. (2015b). Eggshell biomaterial: characterization of nanophase and polymorphs after mechanical activation. Adv. Powder Technol. 26: 1597–1608, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2015.09.003.Search in Google Scholar
Basaleh, A.A., Al-Malack, M.H., and Saleh, T.A. (2020). Metal removal using chemically modified eggshells: preparation, characterization, and statistical analysis. Desalin. Water Treat. 173: 313–330, https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2020.24690.Search in Google Scholar
Çelebi, Ö., Şimşek, İ., and Çelebi, H. (2021). Escherichia coli inhibition and arsenic removal from aqueous solutions using raw eggshell matrix. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 18: 3205–3220, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03216-2.Search in Google Scholar
Charazińska, S., Burszta-Adamiak, E., and Lochyński, P. (2022). Recent trends in Ni(II) sorption from aqueous solutions using natural materials. Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol. 21: 105–138, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-021-09599-5.Search in Google Scholar
Cheng, X.Z., Hu, C.J., Cheng, K., Wei, B.M., Hu, S.C. (2010). Removal of mercury from wastewater by adsorption using thiol-functionalized eggshell membrane. Adv. Mat. Res. 113–116: 22–26, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.22.Search in Google Scholar
Cheng, X. and Ning, Z. (2023). Research progress on bird eggshell quality defects: a review. Poult. Sci. 102: 102283, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2022.102283.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Choi, H. (2019). Assessment of the adsorption kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamic for Pb(II) removal using a hybrid adsorbent, eggshell and sericite, in aqueous solution. Water Sci. Technol. 79: 1922–1933, https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.191.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Chojnacka, K. (2005). Biosorption of Cr(III) ions by eggshells. J. Hazard. Mater. 121: 167–173, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.02.004.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Chou, M., Lee, T., Lin, Y., Hsu, S., Wang, M., Li, P., Huang, P., Lu, W., and Ho, J. (2023). On the removal efficiency of copper ions in wastewater using calcined waste eggshells as natural adsorbents. Sci. Rep. 13: 437, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-27682-5.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Comans, R.N.J. and Middelburg, J.J. (1987). Sorption of trace metals on calcite: applicability of the surface precipitation model. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 51: 2587–2591, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(87)90309-7.Search in Google Scholar
Dayanidhi, K., Vadivel, P., Jothi, S., and Eusuff, N. (2020). White eggshells: a potential biowaste material for synergetic adsorption and naked-eye colorimetric detection of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 12: 1746–1756, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b14481.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Elabbas, S., Adjeroud, N., Mandi, L., Berrekhis, F., Pons, M.N., Leclerce, J.P., and Ouazzani, N. (2022). Eggshell adsorption process coupled with electrocoagulation for improvement of chromium removal from tanning wastewater. Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 102: 2966–2978, https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2020.1761963.Search in Google Scholar
Elabbas, S., Mandi, L., Berrekhis, F., Pons, M.N., Leclerc, J.P., and Ouazzani, N. (2016). Removal of Cr(III) from chrome tanning wastewater by adsorption using two natural carbonaceous materials: eggshell and powdered marble. J. Environ. Manage. 166: 589–595, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.11.012.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
European Union (1999). Council directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste. Off. J. Eur. Comm. 42: 1–19.Search in Google Scholar
European Union (2008). Council directive 2008/98/EC of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain directives. Off. J. Eur. Comm. 51: 3–30.Search in Google Scholar
Eurostat (2022). Generation of waste by waste category, hazardousness and NACE Rev. 2 activity, Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_wasgen/default/table?lang=en (Accessed 15 August 2022).Search in Google Scholar
Farley, K.J., Dzombak, D.A., and Morel, F.M.M. (1985). A surface precipitation model for the sorption of cations on metal oxides. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 106: 226–242, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(85)90400-x.Search in Google Scholar
Flores-Cano, J.V., Leyva-Ramos, R., Mendoza-Barron, J., Guerrero-Coronado, R.M., Aragón-Piña, A., and Labrada-Delgado, G.J. (2013). Sorption mechanism of Cd(II) from water solution onto chicken eggshell. Appl. Surf. Sci. 276: 682–690, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.03.153.Search in Google Scholar
Foroutan, R., Mohammadi, R., Farjadfard, S., Esmaeili, H., Ramavandi, B., and Sorial, G.A. (2019). Eggshell nano-particle potential for methyl violet and mercury ion removal: surface study and field application. Adv. Powder Technol. 30: 2188–2199, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2019.06.034.Search in Google Scholar
Gautron, J., Stapane, L., Roy, N., Nys, Y., Rodriguez-Navarro, A., and Hincke, M. (2021). Avian eggshell biomineralization: an update on its structure, mineralogy and protein tool kit. BMC Mol. Cell Biol. 22: 11, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12860-021-00350-0.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Geissdoerfer, M., Savaget, P., Bocken, N.M.P., and Hultink, E.J. (2017). The Circular Economy – a new sustainability paradigm? J. Cleaner Prod. 143: 757–768, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.048.Search in Google Scholar
Granados-Correa, F. and Jiménez-Reyes, M. (2013). Kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies on the adsorption of Eu(III) by eggshell from aqueous solutions. Adsorpt. Sci. Technol. 31: 891–902, https://doi.org/10.1260/0263-6174.31.10.891.Search in Google Scholar
Green, D. and Perry, R. (Eds.) (2008). Perry’s chemical engineers’ handbook. McGraw Hill, New York.Search in Google Scholar
Guo, Z., Li, J., Guo, Z., Guo, Q., and Zhu, B. (2017). Phosphorus removal from aqueous solution in parent and aluminum-modified eggshells: thermodynamics and kinetics, adsorption mechanism, and diffusion process. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 24: 14525–14536, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9072-8.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Gurav, V.L. and Samant, R.A. (2021). Application of waste egg shell for adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions to protect environment: equilibrium, kinetic and adsorption studies. Orient. J. Chem. 37: 128–135, https://doi.org/10.13005/ojc/370117.Search in Google Scholar
Guru, P.S. and Dash, S. (2014). Sorption on eggshell waste—a review on ultrastructure, biomineralization and other applications. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 209: 49–67, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2013.12.013.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Habte, L., Shiferaw, N., Khan, M.D., Thriveni, T., and Ahn, J.W. (2020). Sorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ on aragonite synthesized from eggshell. Sustainability 12: 1174, https://doi.org/10.3390/su12031174.Search in Google Scholar
Hammarstrom, J.M., Sibrell, P.L., and Belkin, H.E. (2003). Characterization of limestone reacted with acid-mine drainage in a pulsed limestone bed treatment system at the Friendship Hill National Historical Site, Pennsylvania, USA. Appl. Geochem. 18: 1705–1721, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0883-2927(03)00105-7.Search in Google Scholar
Hamouda, M.A., Sweidan, H., Maraqa, M.A., and El-Hassan, H. (2020). Mechanistic study of Pb2+ removal from aqueous solutions using eggshells. Water 12: 2517, https://doi.org/10.3390/w12092517.Search in Google Scholar
Harripersadth, C., Musonge, P., Isa, Y.M., Morales, M.G., and Sayago, A. (2020). The application of eggshells and sugarcane bagasse as potential biomaterials in the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. South African J. Chem. Eng. 34: 142–150, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajce.2020.08.002.Search in Google Scholar
Hassan, E.R.E., Rostom, M., Farghaly, F.E., and Khalek, M.A.A. (2020). Bio-sorption for tannery effluent treatment using eggshell wastes; kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamic study. Egypt. J. Pet. 29: 273–278, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2020.10.002.Search in Google Scholar
Hess, B.J., Kolar, P., Classen, J.J., Knappe, D., and Cheng, J.J. (2018). Evaluation of waste eggshells for adsorption of copper from synthetic and swine wastewater. Trans. ASABE 61: 967–976, https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.12599.Search in Google Scholar
Heydemann, A. (1959). Adsorption aus sehr verdünnten Kupferlösungen an reinen Tonmineralen. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 15: 305–308.10.1016/0016-7037(59)90064-XSearch in Google Scholar
Hincke, M.T., Nys, Y., Gautron, J., Mann, K., Rodriguez-Navarro, A.B., and McKee, M.D. (2012). The eggshell: structure, composition and mineralization. Front. Biosci. 17: 1266–1280, https://doi.org/10.2741/3985.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Ho, J., Yeh, Y., Wang, H., Khoo, S.K., Chen, Y., and Chow, C. (2014). Removal of nickel and silver ions using eggshells with membrane, eggshell membrane, and eggshells. Food Sci. Technol. Res. 20: 337–343, https://doi.org/10.3136/fstr.20.337.Search in Google Scholar
Honarmand, M., Mirzadeh, M., and Honarmand, M. (2020). Green synthesis of SnO2-ZnO-eggshell nanocomposites and study of their application in removal of mercury (II) ions from aqueous solution. J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng. 18: 1581–1593, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40201-020-00576-8.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Jeremias, T.C., Pineda-Vásquez, T., Lapolli, F.R., and Lobo-Recio, M.Á. (2020). Use of eggshell as a low-cost biomaterial for coal mine-impacted water (MIW) remediation: characterization and statistical determination of the treatment conditions. Water. Air. Soil Pollut. 231: 562, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-020-04919-x.Search in Google Scholar
Kahil, K., Weiner, S., Addadi, L., and Gal, A. (2021). Ion pathways in biomineralization: perspectives on uptake, transport, and deposition of calcium, carbonate, and phosphate. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 143: 21100–21112, https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c09174.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Katha, P.S., Ahmed, Z., Alam, R., Saha, B., Acharjee, A., and Rahman, M.S. (2021). Efficiency analysis of eggshell and tea waste as low cost adsorbents for Cr removal from wastewater sample. S. Afr. J. Chem. Eng. 37: 186–195, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajce.2021.06.001.Search in Google Scholar
Ketta, M. and Tůmová, E. (2016). Eggshell structure, measurements, and quality-affecting factors in laying hens: a review. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 61: 299–309, https://doi.org/10.17221/46/2015-cjas.Search in Google Scholar
Khaskheli, M.A., Abro, M.I., Chand, R., Elahi, E., Khokhar, F.M., Majidano, A.A., Aaoud, H., and Rekik, N. (2021). Evaluating the effectiveness of eggshells to remove heavy metals from wastewater. Desalin. Water Treat. 216: 239–245, https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2021.26807.Search in Google Scholar
Kim, D., Hwang, S., Kim, Y., Jeong, C.H., Hong, Y.P., and Ryoo, K.S. (2019). Removal of heavy metals from water using chicken egg shell powder as a bio-adsorbent. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 40: 1156–1161, https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.11884.Search in Google Scholar
Kınaytürk, N.K., Tunalı, B., and Altuğ, D.T. (2021). Eggshell as a biomaterial can have a sorption capability on its surface: a spectroscopic research. R. Soc. Open Sci. 8: 210100, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210100.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Kobiraj, R., Gupta, N., Kushwaha, A.K., and Chattopadhyaya, M.C. (2012). Determination of equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of Brilliant Green dye from aqueous solutions onto eggshell powder. Indian J. Chem. Technol. 19: 26–31.Search in Google Scholar
Kristianto, H., Daulay, N., and Arie, A.A. (2019). Adsorption of Ni(II) ion onto calcined eggshells: a study of equilibrium adsorption isotherm. Indones. J. Chem. 19: 143–150, https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.29200.Search in Google Scholar
Levina, A., Crans, D., and Lay, P. (2017). Speciation of metal drugs, supplements and toxins in media and bodily fluids controls in vitro activities. Coord. Chem. Rev. 352: 473–498, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2017.01.002.Search in Google Scholar
Lima, E.C., Adebayo, M.A., and Machado, F.M. (2015). Kinetic and equilibrium models of adsorption. In: Bergmann, C.P. and Machado, F.M. (Eds.), Carbon nanomaterials as adsorbents for environmental and biological applications. Springer Cham, Switzerland, pp. 33–69.10.1007/978-3-319-18875-1_3Search in Google Scholar
Liu, Q., Guo, L., Zhou, Y., Dai, Y., Feng, L., Zhou, J., Zhao, J., Liu, J., and Qian, G. (2012). Phosphate adsorption on biogenetic calcium carbonate minerals: effect of a crystalline phase. Desalin. Water Treat. 47: 78–85, https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2012.696798.Search in Google Scholar
Liu, R., Guan, Y., Chen, L., and Lian, B. (2018). Adsorption and desorption characteristics of Cd2+ and Pb2+ by micro and nano-sized biogenic CaCO3. Front. Microbiol. 9: 41, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00041.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Liu, R. and Lian, B. (2019a). Immobilisation of Cd(II) on biogenic and abiotic calcium carbonate. J. Hazard. Mater. 378: 120707, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.100.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Liu, R. and Lian, B. (2019b). Non-competitive and competitive adsorption of Cd2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+ by biogenic vaterite. Sci. Total Environ. 659: 122–130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.199.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Ma, Q., Rubenis, K., Sigurjónsson, Ó.E., Hildebrand, T., Standal, T., Zemjane, S., Locs, J., Loca, D., and Haugen, H.J. (2023). Eggshell-derived amorphous calcium phosphate: synthesis, characterization, and bio-functions as bone graft materials in novel 3D osteoblastic spheroids model. Smart Mater. Med. 4: 522–537, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smaim.2023.04.001.Search in Google Scholar
Makuchowska-fryc, J. (2019). Use of the eggshells in removing heavy metals from wastewater – the process kinetics and efficiency. Ecol. Chem. Eng. S 26: 165–174, https://doi.org/10.1515/eces-2019-0012.Search in Google Scholar
Markovski, J.S., Marković, D.D., Ðokić, V.R., Mitrić, M., Ristić, M.Ð., Onjia, A.E., and Marinković, A.D. (2014). Arsenate adsorption on waste eggshell modified by goethite, α-MnO2 and goethite/α-MnO2. Chem. Eng. J. 237: 430–442, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.10.031.Search in Google Scholar
Mashangwa, T.D., Tekere, M., and Sibanda, T. (2017). Determination of the efficacy of eggshell as a low-cost adsorbent for the treatment of metal laden effluents. Int. J. Environ. Res. 11: 175–188, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-017-0017-3.Search in Google Scholar
Metwally, S.S., Rizk, H.E., and Gasser, M.S. (2017). Biosorption of strontium ions from aqueous solution using modified eggshell materials. Radiochim. Acta 105: 1021–1031, https://doi.org/10.1515/ract-2016-2729.Search in Google Scholar
Mignardi, S., Archilletti, L., Medeghini, L., and Vito, C.D. (2020). Valorization of eggshell biowaste for sustainable environmental remediation. Sci. Rep. 10: 2436, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59324-5.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Mittal, A., Teotia, M., Soni, R.K., and Mittal, J. (2016). Applications of egg shell and egg shell membrane as adsorbents: a review. J. Mol. Liq. 223: 376–387, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2016.08.065.Search in Google Scholar
Mohammad, S.G., Ahmed, S.M., and El-Sayed, M.M.H. (2022). Removal of copper (II) ions by eco-friendly raw eggshells and nano-sized eggshells: a comparative study. Chem. Eng. Commun. 209: 83–95, https://doi.org/10.1080/00986445.2020.1835875.Search in Google Scholar
Mubarak, S., Zia-Ur-Rehman, M., and Chaudhry, M.N. (2015). Modified eggshells as cost effective adsorbent for the treatment of arsenic(III) contaminated industrial effluents. Asian J. Chem. 27: 1995–2000, https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2015.17634.Search in Google Scholar
Orłowski, G., Siekiera, J., Karg, J., Tobolka, M., Wuczyński, A., Kaługa, I., Siekiera, A., Cyga-Döhner, R., and Dudzik, E. (2019). Calcium and metals are not evenly distributed in avian eggshells over their longitudinal section. Auk 136: 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/ukz026.Search in Google Scholar
Özcan, S., Çelebi, H., and Özcan, Z. (2018). Removal of heavy metals from simulated water by using eggshell powder. Desalin. Water Treat. 127: 75–82, https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22580.Search in Google Scholar
Papadopoulos, P. and Rowell, D.L. (1989). The reactions of copper and zinc with calcium carbonate surfaces. J. Soil Sci. 40: 39–48, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1989.tb01252.x.Search in Google Scholar
Park, H.J., Jeong, S.W., Yang, J.K., Kim, B.G., and Lee, S.M. (2007). Removal of heavy metals using waste eggshell. J. Environ. Sci. 19: 1436–1441, https://doi.org/10.1016/s1001-0742(07)60234-4.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Peigneux, A., Puentes-Pardo, J.D., Rodríguez-Navarro, A.B., Hincke, M.T., and Jiménez-Lópeza, C. (2020). Development and characterization of magnetic eggshell membranes for lead removal from wastewater. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 192: 110307, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110307.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Pettinato, M., Chakraborty, S., Arafat, H.A., and Calabro, V. (2015). Eggshell: a green adsorbent for heavy metal removal in an MBR system. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 121: 57–62, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.05.046.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Polat, A. and Aslan, S. (2014). Kinetic and isotherm study of cupper adsorption from aqueous solution using waste eggshell. J. Environ. Eng. Landsc. Manag. 22: 132–140, https://doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2013.865631.Search in Google Scholar
Quina, M.J., Soares, M.A.R., and Quinta-Ferreira, R. (2017). Applications of industrial eggshell as a valuable anthropogenic resource. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 123: 176–186, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.09.027.Search in Google Scholar
Rahmani-Sani, A., Singh, P., Raizada, P., Lima, E.C., Anastopoulos, I., Giannakoudakis, D.A., Sivamani, S., Dontsova, T.A., and Hosseini-Bandegharaei, A. (2020). Use of chicken feather and eggshell to synthesize a novel magnetized activated carbon for sorption of heavy metal ions. Bioresour. Technol. 297: 122452, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122452.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Revellame, E.D., Fortela, D., Sharp, W., Hernandez, R., and Zappi, M.E. (2020). Adsorption kinetic modeling using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order rate laws: a review. Clean. Eng. Technol. 1: 100032, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2020.100032.Search in Google Scholar
Sabah, H., Thouraya, T., Melek, H., and Nadia, M. (2018). Application of response surface methodology for optimization of cadmium ion removal from an aqueous solution by eggshell powder. Chem. Res. Chinese Univ. 34: 302–310, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40242-015-7163-9.Search in Google Scholar
Sankaran, R., Show, P.L., Ooi, C., Ling, T.C., Shu-Jen, C., Chen, S., and Chang, Y. (2020). Feasibility assessment of removal of heavy metals and soluble microbial products from aqueous solutions using eggshell wastes. Clean Technol. Environ. Policy 22: 773–786, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-019-01792-z.Search in Google Scholar
Santos, C.R., Fernández, J.B., Hernández, G.P., Rivera, M.Á.H., and Flores, L.L.D. (2019a). Adsorption of copper (II) and cadmium (II) in aqueous suspensions of biogenic nanostructured CaCO3. Bol. la Soc. Esp. Ceram. y Vidr. 58: 2–13.10.1016/j.bsecv.2018.05.003Search in Google Scholar
Santos, L.B., Oliveira, D.M., Souza, A.O., and Lemos, V.A. (2019b). A new method for the speciation of arsenic species in water, seafood and cigarette samples using an eggshell membrane. J. Iran. Chem. Soc. 16: 1879–1889, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-019-01665-8.Search in Google Scholar
Sarder, M.R., Hafiz, N.A., and Alamgir, M. (2019). Study on the effective reuse of eggshells as a resource recovery from municipal solid waste. In: Ghosh, S.K. (Ed.). Proceedings of 6th IconSWM, 2016: waste management and resource efficiency. Springer Nature, Singapore, pp. 71–79.10.1007/978-981-10-7290-1_7Search in Google Scholar
Sasikala, V., Koteswara, Ch., Kumar, A., Sruthi, T., Prakash, S., Nissy, M., and Vangalapati, M. (2021). Extraction and removal of nickel from battery waste, using nano sized activated carbon of Egg shell powder in a column. Mater. Today: Proc. 44: 2296–2299, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.393.Search in Google Scholar
Schosseler, P.M., Wehrli, B., and Schweiger, A. (1999). Uptake of Cu2+ by the calcium carbonates vaterite and calcite as studied by continuous wave (cw) and pulse electron paramagnetic resonance. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 63: 1955–1967, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7037(99)00086-1.Search in Google Scholar
Segneanu, A., Marin, C.N., Vlase, G., Cepan, C., Mihailescu, M., Muntean, C., and Grozescu, I. (2022). Highly efficient engineered waste eggshell-fly ash for cadmium removal from aqueous solution. Sci. Rep. 12: 9676, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13664-6.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Setiawan, B.D., Rizqi, O., Brilianti, N.F., and Wasito, H. (2018). Nanoporous of waste avian eggshell to reduce heavy metal and acidity in water. Sustain. Chem. Pharm. 10: 163–167, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2018.10.002.Search in Google Scholar
Shahbandeh, M. (2022). Egg production worldwide 1990–2020, Available at: https://www.statista.com/statistics/263972/egg-production-worldwide-since-1990/.Search in Google Scholar
Singh, N.B., Nagpal, G., Agrawal, S., and Rachna (2018). Water purification by using adsorbents: a Review. Environ. Technol. Innov. 11: 187–240, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2018.05.006.Search in Google Scholar
Smirnova, A., Kalnina, D., and Locs, J. (2016). Removal of phosphates from water using eggshell bio sorbents. Key Eng. Mater. 721: 149–153, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.721.149.Search in Google Scholar
Soares, M.A.R., Marto, S., Quina, M.J., Gando-Ferreira, L., and Quinta-Ferreira, R. (2016). Evaluation of eggshell-rich compost as biosorbent for removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. Water. Air. Soil Pollut. 227: 150, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-016-2843-x.Search in Google Scholar
Song, X., Cao, Y., Bu, X., and Luo, X. (2021). Porous vaterite and cubic calcite aggregated calcium carbonate obtained from steamed ammonia liquid waste for Cu2+ heavy metal ions removal by adsorption process. Appl. Surf. Sci. 536: 147958, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.147958.Search in Google Scholar
Tizo, M.S., Blanco, L.A.V., Cagas, A.C.Q., Cruz, B.R.B.D., Encoy, J.C., Gunting, J.V., Arazo, R.O., and Mabayo, V.I.F. (2018). Efficiency of calcium carbonate from eggshells as an adsorbent for cadmium removal in aqueous solution. Sustain. Environ. Res. 28: 326–332, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2018.09.002.Search in Google Scholar
Tsai, W., Yang, J., Hsu, H., Lin, C., Lin, K., and Chiu, C. (2008). Development and characterization of mesoporosity in eggshell ground by planetary ball milling. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 111: 379–386, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.08.010.Search in Google Scholar
Tsai, W.T., Yang, J.M., Lai, C.W., Cheng, Y.H., Lin, C.C., and Yeh, C.W. (2006). Characterization and adsorption properties of eggshells and eggshell membrane. Bioresour. Technol. 97: 488–493, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.02.050.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Usman, A.R.A. (2008). The relative adsorption selectivities of Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni by soils developed on shale in New Valley, Egypt. Geoderma 144: 334–343, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.12.004.Search in Google Scholar
Vu, N., Dinh, T., Le, T., Vu, T., Nguyen, T., Pham, T., Vu, N., Koji, S., Hama, S., Kim, I., et al.. (2022). Eggshell powder as calcium source on growth and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Plant Prod. Sci. 25: 413–420, https://doi.org/10.1080/1343943x.2022.2120506.Search in Google Scholar
Wang, P., Shen, T., Li, X., Tang, Y., and Li, Y. (2020). Magnetic mesoporous calcium carbonate-based nanocomposites for the removal of toxic Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from water. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 3: 1272–1281, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.9b02036.Search in Google Scholar
Wang, S., Wei, M., and Huang, Y. (2013). Biosorption of multifold toxic heavy metal ions from aqueous water onto food residue eggshell membrane functionalized with ammonium thioglycolate. J. Agric. Food Chem. 61: 4988–4996, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf4003939.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Wen, T., Zhao, Y., Zhang, T., Xiong, B., Hu, H., Zhang, Q., and Song, S. (2020). Selective recovery of heavy metals from wastewater by mechanically activated calcium carbonate: inspiration from nature. Chemosphere 246: 125842, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125842.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Wengerska, K., Batkowska, J., and Drabik, K. (2023). The eggshell defect as a factor affecting the egg quality after storage. Poult. Sci. 102: 102749, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2023.102749.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Xin, Y., Li, C., Liu, J., Liu, J., Liu, Y., He, W., and Gao, Y. (2018). Adsorption of heavy metal with modified eggshell membrane and the in situ synthesis of Cu–Ag/modified eggshell membrane composites. R. Soc. Open. Sci. 5: 180532, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180532.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Xu, Z., Zhang, Q., Li, X., and Huang, X. (2022). A critical review on chemical analysis of heavy metal complexes in water/wastewater and the mechanism of treatment methods. Chem. Eng. J. 429: 131688, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.131688.Search in Google Scholar
Yang, D., Zhao, J., Ahmad, W., Amin, M., Aslam, F., Khan, K., and Ahmad, A. (2022). Potential use of waste eggshells in cement-based materials: a bibliographic analysis and review of the material properties. Constr. Build. Mater. 344: 128143, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128143.Search in Google Scholar
Yusuff, A.S. (2017). Preparation and characterization of composite anthill-chicken eggshell adsorbent: optimization study on heavy metals adsorption using response surface methodology. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 10: 120–130, https://doi.org/10.3923/jest.2017.120.130.Search in Google Scholar
Yusuff, A.S., Olateju, I.I., and Ekanem, S.E. (2017). Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the adsorption of heavy metals from aqueous solution by thermally treated quail eggshell. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 10: 245–257, https://doi.org/10.3923/jest.2017.245.257.Search in Google Scholar
Zadeh, B.S., Esmaeili, H., and Foroutan, R. (2018). Cadmium(II) removal from aqueous solution using microporous eggshell: kinetic and equilibrium studies. Indones. J. Chem. 18: 265–271, https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.28789.Search in Google Scholar
Zhou, X., Liu, W., Tian, C., Mo, S., Liu, X., Deng, H., and Lin, Z. (2018). Mussel-inspired functionalization of biological calcium carbonate for improving Eu(III) adsorption and the related mechanisms. Indones. J. Chem. 351: 816–824, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.06.142.Search in Google Scholar
Zhou, X., Liu, W., Zhang, J., Wu, C., Ou, X., Tian, C., Lin, Z., and Dang, Z. (2017). Biogenic calcium carbonate with hierarchical organic–inorganic composite structure enhancing the removal of Pb(II) from wastewater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9: 35785–35793, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b09304.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Zonato, R.O., Estevam, B.R., Perez, I.D., Ribeiro, V.A., and Boina, R.F. (2022). Eggshell as an adsorbent for removing dyes and metallic ions in aqueous solutions. Cleaner Chem. Eng. 2: 100023, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clce.2022.100023.Search in Google Scholar
Supplementary Material
This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2023-0025).
© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston